應用軟體性能資料分類

4.1 應用軟體性能資料概述

在企業級應用的負載測試過程中，測試工具通過部署一整套效能監視器，來收集和顯示各個架構層次、伺服器和元件上的性能資料，包括網路、作業系統、應用伺服器、中介軟體、應用程式、.NET伺服器、Web伺服器和資料庫伺服器。在進行負載測試時，這些資料用來精確測量系統各個方面的性能，從而使用者可以快速、簡便地定位問題和瓶頸的來源。最終，這些資料用來生成各種文檔和圖表，並判斷出應用程式的性能是否滿足業務的需要。

4.2 應用軟體常用性能資料描述

1. Number of Concurrent Users (NCU)

併發使用者數 – 在指定時刻，系統觀察到的併發使用者連接數。

2. Request Per Second (RPS)

每秒處理請求數 – 指示伺服器平均每秒鐘能處理的使用者事務請求數量。

3. Response Time

回應時間 – 指從客戶發出一個事務請求到收到處理結果的最後一個位元組的時間長度。

4. Time to First Byte (TTFB)

用戶端收到響應的第一個位元組的平均毫秒數。

5. Time to Last Byte (TTLB)

用戶端收到響應的最後一個位元組的平均毫秒數。

6. Think Time

思考時間 – 用戶在發送下一個請求前花在流覽頁面上的時間。

7. Hits per Second

每秒點擊次數

8. Throughput

輸送量 – 以kilobyte為單位，客戶每秒接收的資料總量。

9. Pages per Second

每秒下載頁數 – 每秒內從Web伺服器上下載到用戶端的Web頁面數量。

10. User-define Data Point (supported byLoadRunner)

使用者自訂性能指標 – 由LoadRunner支援的自訂性能指標，比如: Transaction Response Time, Transaction Per Second Passed, Failed。

11. %Processor Time:CPU平均利用率

12. %User Time:用戶態CPU平均利用率

13. % Privileged Time:核心態CPU平均利用率

14. Processor Queue Length:處理器佇列中的執行緒數

15. Context Switches per Second:每秒執行緒切換次數

16. Interrupts/Sec:每秒中斷數

17. Page Faults / sec:每秒記憶體換頁數

18. Memory, Available Bytes:平均剩餘的可用記憶體

19. Private Bytes:進程分配記憶體數

20. Process, Handle Count:進程使用系統控制碼數

21. Memory, Pool Paged Bytes:可交換到硬碟的系統實體記憶體byte數。

22. Memory, Pool Non-paged Bytes:不可交換到硬碟的系統實體記憶體byte數。

23. Network Interface, bytes total/sec:網路頻寬利用率

24. Network Interface, Output Queue Length:網路介面卡輸出佇列長度

25. Physical Disk, %Disk Time:物理磁片利用率

26. Physical Disk, Avg Disk Queue Length:物理磁片平均磁片I/O佇列長度

27. Physical Disk, Current Disk Queue Length:物理磁片當前磁片I/O佇列長度

28. Physical Disk, Disk Read/Sec, Disk Write/Sec:物理磁片每秒讀/寫操作次數

29. COM+ Authenticate (by LoadRunner):COM+ 調用級別驗證成功頻率

30. COM+ Authenticate Failed (by LoadRunner):COM+ 調用級別驗證失敗的頻率

31. COM+ Activation (by LoadRunner):COM+ 應用啟動頻率

32. COM+ Failed (by LoadRunner):COM+ 應用關閉頻率

33. COM+ Thread Start (by LoadRunner):STA的執行緒啟動的比率

34. COM+ Thread Terminate (by LoadRunner):STA的執行緒中止的比率

35. Transaction Duration (by LoadRunner):COM+事務的平均週期

36. Transaction Start (by LoadRunner):COM+事務啟動比率

37. Transaction Prepared (by LoadRunner):COM+事務進入準備階段的比率

38. Transaction Aborted (by LoadRunner):COM+交易復原的比率

39. Transaction Commited (by LoadRunner):COM+事務提交的比率

40. Object LifeTime(by LoadRunner):COM+組件平均生命期

41. Object Create (by LoadRunner):創建COM+元件實例的比率

42. Object Destroy (by LoadRunner):釋放COM+元件實例的比率

43. Object Activate (by LoadRunner):COM+ JIT-actived物件啟動的比率

44. Object Deactivate (by LoadRunner):COM+ JIT-actived對象失活的比率

45. Disable Commit (by LoadRunner):COM+物件處於DisableCommit狀態的比率

46. Enable Commit (by LoadRunner):COM+物件處於Enable狀態的比率

47. Set Complete (by LoadRunner):COM+物件處於SetComplete狀態的比率

48. Set Abort (by LoadRunner)COM+物件處於SetAbort狀態的比率

49. COM+ Method Duration (by LoadRunner):COM+方法調用平均持續時間

50. COM+ Method Frequency (by LoadRunner):COM+方法調用頻率

51. COM+ Method Failed (by LoadRunner):COM+方法失敗的頻率

52. COM+ Method Exception (by LoadRunner):COM+方法拋出異常的頻率

53. Active Server Page, Request per Second:ASP每秒執行請求數

54. Active Server Page, Request Queue:ASP請求佇列長度

55. Active Server Page, Requests Execute Time:ASP平均請求執行時間

56. Active Server Page, Requests Wait Time:ASP平均請求等待時間

57. Active Server Page, Session Current:當前活動Session計數

58. .NET CLR Data, SqlClient, Current # Pooled Connection:當前被連接池緩存的資料庫連接

59. .NET CLR Data, SqlClient, Current # Pooled and Non-pooled Connection

當前所有的資料庫連接，緩存和未緩存的

60. .NET CLR Memory, Gen 0、1、2 heap size:.NET中0、1、2代虛擬堆的大小

61. .NET CLR Memory, # bytes in all Heaps:.NET中託管記憶體的總數

62. ASP.NET, Application Restarts:ASP.NET中應用重新啟動的次數

63. ASP.NET, Work Process Restarts:ASP.NET中工作進程重新開機的次數

64. ASP.NET, Request Execution Time:ASP.NET平均請求執行時間毫秒數

65. ASP.NET, Request Wait Time:ASP.NET平均請求等待時間毫秒數

66. ASP.NET, Requests Queued:ASP.NET平均請求佇列長度

67. ASP.NET Application, Requests/Sec:ASP.NET某特定應用每秒鐘處理的請求數

68. ASP.NET Application, Requests Executing:ASP.NET某特定應用正在執行的請求數

69. ASP.NET Application Sessions Active:ASP.NET某特定應用中活動的Session數

70. Web Service, Get Requests per Second:HTTP的GET方法每秒請求數

71. Web Service, Post Requests per Second:HTTP的POST方法每秒請求數

72. Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Transactions/Sec

每秒的分散式事務數

73. Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Committed Transactions

提交的分散式事務總數

74. Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Aborted Transactions

回滾的分散式事務總數

75. Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Active Transactions

當前活動的分散式事務數

76. Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Response Time – Average

分散式事務從開始到提交的平均時間間隔

77.SQLServer, Cache Manager, Cache Hit Ratio:SQL Server的緩存區命中率

78. SQL Server, Cache Manager, Cache Used Counts per Second

SQL Server每秒內使用的緩存物件數

79. SQL Server, Locks, Exclusive/Shared & Users blocked

SQL Server 每秒內用戶由於表級鎖被阻塞數

80. SQL Server, % Procedure Cache Used & % Procedure Cache Active

SQL Server存儲過程緩存使用率

81. SQL Server, Transaction/Sec:SQL Server每秒的事務數

82. SQL Server, General statistics, User Connections

SQL Server 當前用戶連接數

83. SQL Profiler, Audit Login/Logout

SQL Profiler中跟蹤用戶登入/登出數

84. SQL Profiler, Stored Procedure, RPC Completed

SQL Profiler中跟蹤存儲過程的調用

85. SQL Profiler, TSQL, Batch Completed:SQL Profiler中跟蹤TSQL語句的調用

86. SQL Profiler, SQL Transaction:SQL Profiler 中跟蹤事務的提交。

4.3 應用軟體性能資料分類

企業應用程式可以根據系統架構分成以下類型

Client/Server – 客戶機/伺服器架構 l 基於流覽器/Web伺服器的三層架構 l 基於中介軟體應用伺服器的三層架構 l 基於Web伺服器和中介軟體的多層架構

以上架構都由客戶機、Web伺服器、中間層應用伺服器、資料庫伺服器組成。通過針對不同層次的性能指標監測，可以分析出整體架構的性能指標和性能瓶頸。

1． 資料庫伺服器的性能指標監測

l Processor, %Processor Time

Processor, %User Timel

Processor, %l Privileged Time

Processor, Processor Queue Lengthl

System, Contextl Switches per Second

Memory, Page Faults/secl

Memory, Availablel Bytes

Memory, Pool Paged Bytesl

Network Interface, bytes total/secl

l Network Interface, Output Queue Length

Physical Disk, %Disk Timel

l Physical Disk, Current Disk Queue Length

Physical Disk, Avg Disk Queuel Length

Physical Disk, Disk Read/Sec, Disk Write/Secl

SQL Server,l General statistics, User Connections

SQL Server, Transaction/Secl

SQLl Server, Cache Manager, Cache Hit Ratio

SQL Server, Cache Manager, Cachel Used Counts per Second

SQL Server, Locks, Exclusive/Sharedl & Users blocked

SQL Server, % Procedure Cache Usedl & % Procedure Cache Active

SQL Profiler, Audit Login/Logoutl

SQL Profiler, Storedl Procedure, RPC Completed

SQL Profiler, TSQL, Batch Completedl

SQLl Profiler, SQL Transaction

2． Web伺服器的性能指標監測

Processor, %Processorl Time

Processor, %User Timel

Processor, % Privileged Timel

l Processor, Processor Queue Length

System, Context Switches per Secondl

l Process, Private Bytes

Memory, Page Faults/secl

Memory, Availablel Bytes

Memory, Pool Paged Bytesl

Network Interface, bytes total/secl

l Network Interface, Output Queue Length

Physical Disk, %Disk Timel

l Physical Disk, Avg Disk Queue Length

Number of Concurrent Users (NCU)l

l Request Per Second (RPS)

Response Timel

Time to First Byte (TTFB)l

l Time to Last Byte (TTLB)

Think Timel

Web Service, Get Requests perl Second

Web Service, Post Requests per Secondl

Active Server Page,l Request per Second

Active Server Page, Request Queuel

Active Serverl Page, Requests Execute Time

Active Server Page, Requests Wait Timel

l Active Server Page, Session Current 。

3． 基於ASP.NET的Web伺服器或Web Service伺服器性能指標監測

Processor, %Processor Timel

Processor, %User Timel

l Processor, % Privileged Time

Processor, Processor Queue Lengthl

System,l Context Switches per Second

Process, Private Bytesl

Memory, Pagel Faults/sec

Memory, Available Bytesl

Memory, Pool Paged Bytesl

l Network Interface, bytes total/sec

Network Interface, Output Queuel Length

Physical Disk, %Disk Timel

Physical Disk, Avg Disk Queuel Length

Number of Concurrent Users (NCU)l

Request Per Second (RPS)l

l Response Time

Time to First Byte (TTFB)l

Time to Last Byte (TTLB)l

l Think Time

Web Service, Get Requests per Secondl

Web Service, Postl Requests per Second

ASP.NET, Application Restartsl

ASP.NET, Workl Process Restarts

ASP.NET, Request Execution Timel

ASP.NET, Request Waitl Time

ASP.NET, Requests Queuedl

ASP.NET Application, Requests/Secl

l ASP.NET Application, Requests Executing

ASP.NET Application Sessionsl Active

4． 中間層應用伺服器的性能指標監測

Processor, %Processor Timel

Processor,l %User Time

Processor, % Privileged Timel

Processor, Processor Queuel Length

System, Context Switches per Secondl

Process, Private Bytesl

l Memory, Page Faults/sec

Memory, Available Bytesl

Memory, Pool Pagedl Bytes

Network Interface, bytes total/secl

Network Interface, Outputl Queue Length

Physical Disk, %Disk Timel

Physical Disk, Avg Disk Queuel Length

COM+ Authenticate (by LoadRunner)l

COM+ Authenticate Failed (byl LoadRunner)

COM+ Activation (by LoadRunner)l

COM+ Failed (byl LoadRunner)

COM+ Thread Start (by LoadRunner)l

COM+ Thread Terminatel (by LoadRunner)

Transaction Duration (by LoadRunner)l

Transaction Startl (by LoadRunner)

Transaction Prepared (by LoadRunner)l

Transactionl Aborted (by LoadRunner)

Transaction Commited (by LoadRunner)l

Objectl LifeTime(by LoadRunner)

Object Create (by LoadRunner)l

Object Destroyl (by LoadRunner)

Object Activate (by LoadRunner)l

Object Deactivate (byl LoadRunner)

Disable Commit (by LoadRunner)l

Enable Commit (byl LoadRunner)

Set Complete (by LoadRunner)l

Set Abort (byl LoadRunner)

COM+ Method Duration (by LoadRunner)l

COM+ Method Frequencyl (by LoadRunner)

COM+ Method Failed (by LoadRunner)l

COM+ Methodl Exception (by LoadRunner)

.NET CLR Data, SqlClient, Current # Pooledl Connection

.NET CLR Data, SqlClient, Current # Pooled and Non-pooledl Connection

.NET CLR Memory, Gen 0、1、2 heap sizel

.NET CLR Memory, #l bytes in all Heaps

Distributed Transaction Coordinator,l Transactions/Sec

Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Committedl Transactions

Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Aborted Transactionsl

l Distributed Transaction Coordinator, Active Transactions

Distributedl Transaction Coordinator, Response Time – Average

5． 客戶機的性能指標監測

l Processor, %Processor Time

Process, Private Bytesl

Process, Handlel Counts

Network Interface, bytes total/secl

Network Interface, Outputl Queue Length

Physical Disk, Avg Disk Queue Lengthl

.NET CLR Memory, Genl 0、1、2 heap size

.NET CLR Memory, # bytes in all Heapsl

Number ofl Concurrent Users (NCU)

Request Per Second (RPS)l

Response Timel

l Hits per Second

Throughputl

Pages per Secondl

User-define Datal Point

Time to First Byte (TTFB)l

Time to Last Byte (TTLB)l

Thinkl Time