創建範例
行為範例
1, The factory pattern
Listing 1. Factory1.php
<?php
interface IUser
{
function getName();
}
class User implements IUser
{
public function __construct( $id ) { }
public function getName()
{
return "Jack";
}
}
class UserFactory
{
public static function Create( $id )
{
return new User( $id );
}
}
$uo = UserFactory::Create( 1 );
echo( $uo->getName()."\n" );
?>
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Listing 2. Factory2.php
<?php
interface IUser
{
function getName();
}
class User implements IUser
{
public static function Load( $id )
{
return new User( $id );
}
public static function Create( )
{
return new User( null );
}
public function __construct( $id ) { }
public function getName()
{
return "Jack";
}
}
$uo = User::Load( 1 );
echo( $uo->getName()."\n" );
?>
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2, The singleton pattern
Listing 3. Singleton.php
<?php
require_once("DB.php");
class DatabaseConnection
{
public static function get()
{
static $db = null;
if ( $db == null )
$db = new DatabaseConnection();
return $db;
}
private $_handle = null;
private function __construct()
{
$dsn = 'mysql://root:password@localhost/photos';
$this->_handle =& DB::Connect( $dsn, array() );
}
public function handle()
{
return $this->_handle;
}
}
print( "Handle = ".DatabaseConnection::get()->handle()."\n" );
print( "Handle = ".DatabaseConnection::get()->handle()."\n" );
?>
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3, The observer pattern
Listing 4. Observer.php
<?php
interface IObserver
{
function onChanged( $sender, $args );
}
interface IObservable
{
function addObserver( $observer );
}
class UserList implements IObservable
{
private $_observers = array();
public function addCustomer( $name )
{
foreach( $this->_observers as $obs )
$obs->onChanged( $this, $name );
}
public function addObserver( $observer )
{
$this->_observers []= $observer;
}
}
class UserListLogger implements IObserver
{
public function onChanged( $sender, $args )
{
echo( "'$args' added to user list\n" );
}
}
$ul = new UserList();
$ul->addObserver( new UserListLogger() );
$ul->addCustomer( "Jack" );
?>
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Figure 4. The observable user list and the user list event logger
4, The chain-of-command pattern
Listing 5. Chain.php
<?php
interface ICommand
{
function onCommand( $name, $args );
}
class CommandChain
{
private $_commands = array();
public function addCommand( $cmd )
{
$this->_commands []= $cmd;
}
public function runCommand( $name, $args )
{
foreach( $this->_commands as $cmd )
{
if ( $cmd->onCommand( $name, $args ) )
return;
}
}
}
class UserCommand implements ICommand
{
public function onCommand( $name, $args )
{
if ( $name != 'addUser' ) return false;
echo( "UserCommand handling 'addUser'\n" );
return true;
}
}
class MailCommand implements ICommand
{
public function onCommand( $name, $args )
{
if ( $name != 'mail' ) return false;
echo( "MailCommand handling 'mail'\n" );
return true;
}
}
$cc = new CommandChain();
$cc->addCommand( new UserCommand() );
$cc->addCommand( new MailCommand() );
$cc->runCommand( 'addUser', null );
$cc->runCommand( 'mail', null );
?>
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Figure 5. The command chain and its related commands
5, The strategy pattern
Listing 6. Strategy.php
<?php
interface IStrategy
{
function filter( $record );
}
class FindAfterStrategy implements IStrategy
{
private $_name;
public function __construct( $name )
{
$this->_name = $name;
}
public function filter( $record )
{
return strcmp( $this->_name, $record ) <= 0;
}
}
class RandomStrategy implements IStrategy
{
public function filter( $record )
{
return rand( 0, 1 ) >= 0.5;
}
}
class UserList
{
private $_list = array();
public function __construct( $names )
{
if ( $names != null )
{
foreach( $names as $name )
{
$this->_list []= $name;
}
}
}
public function add( $name )
{
$this->_list []= $name;
}
public function find( $filter )
{
$recs = array();
foreach( $this->_list as $user )
{
if ( $filter->filter( $user ) )
$recs []= $user;
}
return $recs;
}
}
$ul = new UserList( array( "Andy", "Jack", "Lori", "Megan" ) );
$f1 = $ul->find( new FindAfterStrategy( "J" ) );
print_r( $f1 );
$f2 = $ul->find( new RandomStrategy() );
print_r( $f2 );
?>
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